Engine-indicator.



G. LANZA.

ENGINE INDICATOR.

APPLICATION HLBD 00T. s. 1.906.

902,586. www@ NW. 3l, mag.;

aftarffysf G. LANZA.

ENGINE INDICATOR. APPLICATION FILED OG'I. 6, 1906 Patented Nm3, 190s.

G, LNZA. .ENGINE INDICATOR, APPLICATION FILED 00T. a, 1.906.

Patented Nov. 3,1908.'

G. LANZA.

ENGINE INDICATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT, 6, 1906.

Patentel Nov. 3; 1908, 4 SIHBETSSHBET 4.

KW?? 'n @Jfeau T o all whom it may concern:

l'IAT13NT onere v GAETANO LANZA, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

'ENGINE-INDICATOR.

Be it known that I, GAETANO LANZA, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Boston, in the county of SuHolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Engine-Indicators, of

-Which the followin is a specification.v

My invention re ates to. power indicating apparatus and to the manufacture of continuousl indicators for use with fluid pressure engines; the object of my invention is to provide a continuous indicator which shall accurately feed a continuous strip of p a erin one direction at velocities alwaysstrict y proportionate and correspondent to the `velocities of i the reciprocating parts of the engine whereby `a continuous record-.of the pressure cycle of the engine mayvbemlade through as many consecutive double strokes of its reciprocatd ing parts as may be desired. Tlieoreticallyv the continuous. engine indicator, wherein the strip of paper, instead' ot-bei-ngreciprocated aswith the ordinary'steam engine indicator,

is fed continuously in onedirection in correspondence with the movement of the recip-frocating parts of the engine, is an instrument far superior to the steam engine indicators which have been, so far as I; know', yalmost per-square-inch in the cylinc -universally employed, because the ordinary indicator card exhibits Ia diagram of-pressure er of the engine at each point in the travel of the piston during only one rotation of thevcrank. When this diagram has been taken, the indicator card is removed and another substituted.

yAssuming that one card is taken every three minutes and Y.that the engine is making 30() i frevolutions per minute, it follows that only one card is obtained for every 90O revolu tions ofthe engine, and, in. estimating the power exerted bythe engine, it is to be-assumed that the otherl 899 strokes,.if indicated, would show a ressure diagram identical with the'one ta ren. procedure might' be justiiable and such an assumption correct, if the load on the engine was known to be constant; but this assumption is far frombeing in accord with the actual facts when the load 'of the engine lis g variable. The error which follows such a method of procedure would bel removed if all the l900` cards were taken and would be decreased if 'ak-largerl ercentage of the-900 pos-v sible indicator .car vsfpwere taken. Hence foltSpecification of Letters Patent. Application med october s, i906. serial No. 337,730.

Such a mode of' Patented Nov'z-"i eos.

- lows. the 'need of a mechanically; accurate continuous indicator. In order to insure thev r correctioperation of -a continuous indicator, the s eed of that art-of the paper strip upon whic the recordJ is,made,.must be at al1 times, truly proportional andcorrespondent oron the'inovingpart of the en ine. from which the motion is taken and t is correby slippage or'back-lash or anyother cause. My improved continuous indicatorherein nation of mechanisms by means of which the Awhich the record is made s all be derived directly fromsome point on the reducing paper drum motion, partly in elevation and partly in 'cross section, on the line 2-2 ,of Figf; Fig. 3 is a cross sectionV of Fig. 2 on 1 on the line 44'looking upward; Fig. 5 is a in cross section, showing .the dead point marking apparatus; Fig. 7 is a'view, partly in cross section and partly in elevation," show ing the driving mechanism for the winding uprol'lv; and Fig. 8 is a horizonial cross sectional view on the line 8-8, Fig. *1 looking downward showing the pressure rolll and the i releasing mechanism therefor.

mechanism is shown in Fig. l. The swingi ing arm G p ivoted to any suitable support i (not shown) at K, isia type ofl reducing mol tion which derives its reci rocating move l ment from some point on tie reciprocating l parts of the engine,'and as thismechanism is spondence must not be impaired? ondes'troyedl to be described involves the use 'of a combi motion or some moving part of the engine as Fig. .2 shows the operating clutches for the the line 3'3 Fig. 4 is a cross section of Fig.A

cross section taken at Fig. l. along theline- 5-5 looking upward; Fig. 6 is -.a. view, partly The general arrangement of' the indicator'v ,to'tliat Vof the point on the reducing motion .continuous motion of a drum which determines the speedof the pa' er strip upon. 70.'.

liliA to engineers, the connections g erin and the cinghie.y @Yolo oi movement ot n the engine is trans -i .miniem by .uu-f is ie'reol" g secured .atively reciprocating)r :urcf'l at one end to the i' elutch ll", the ce' .l

' both co5' ir .feminisme are mounted in .conipos'd ol metal plates columns L. la, li. rlie YVhere-ecn the i iper s l" .indicator di... Oran'i )eine tue usual manner by the scrilging ile-- i .ated by pressure in the indicator mounted upon the shaft D gli the axes of the rota- ...J clutches ill, l?, and is a bracket or stop l. The l ie 'so construct-ed that when lrotated by the cords 57, g in response i to which the ends are attached fist to the shaft D to turn it and im. D in correspondeuce to the tlc reciprocating par ol the l. serving l' r this purpose lutcli lf", it is plain that the et the a'l'in toufard the let' t pronioiienient of the lower part of the the right and consequently u* 'fh il.. Fach ol the clutches d 'with a return. spring' which, .ne direct draft of the actuating cord is fr .itt-ed, returns the clutch and holds the g", stretched taut and in readiness i operation upon the clutch.. ter drum D is given a movement aln ys in one direction whether the reciprof' fir; parts of the engine are in forward or pi .il-.3', the shaft D passing through both .cards which are in alinoment for this purpose. rlhe construction ol the two clutches is the same so that a description ,of clutch lil will suliico for both. The pulley eisgrooved at c for the. recepci cord g and this pulley is sleeved at e to turn upon the extension c5 of the standy ard. on the threaded end of 'which is secured nient oi' `the point g3 on the reduc.

' 'in el is movingtoward the right l l lroin the supply'roll ll over the movably Thus ard stroke and this movement oi the in; drum D 1s always 1n harmony and ,he nut e* which serves to hold the moving parts of the clutch in assembled position'. 'lfhe sleeved disk e slips over the extension e and sleeve es and to this sleeved disk is secured one end of the coiled spring e3, said spring being;- secured at its other end to the outer flange e7 of the pulley e. The clutch itself is secured to the shaft D as by a set screw Secured to or .integral with the body ci this clutch there are provided the blocks el between the inclined sides ot which and the periphery of the clutch pulley c", the

f3 and the set screw f for securingr the member F to the shaft D are indicated.

Referring to Figs. l and 4 where the mechanism directly relatingto the movementof the paper strip is illustrated, H is a papc1` supply roll which rotates to deliver paper as required, being` actuated by the draft of the paper strip itself. The paper strip P passes mountedpressure roll l', thence around the master drum D between it and the suppl@ mental pressure or guide roll ll and thence to 'the drawing oil or receiving roll J, against which a pressure block S is made to bear by the lightspring s mounted at el. The rotative mo vement ol' the master drum D is predetermined by the connections through the clutches E and F to the reducing motion and the essential requirement is that the paper strip shall, While in Contact with the master drum Drest on the surface thereof Without slipping. The direct connections of the clutches E and F above described with the reducing niotion Without the employment ot' any springs except those which return the clutch pulleys to the initial point of their op eration, and Without any intervening gears or other mechanical connections which may involve loose motion or backlash, insure the proper correspondence of the movement of the drum D With lthe movement of the reciprocatingparts of the engine, so that the o 3 erat-ions of the mechanism remaining to )e described are devoted to the correct transmission of the movement of the drum D to the paper strip P. In thel lirst place, it is advisable that they surface of the master drum D and of the pressure roll I be lsuch that considerable friction yof position exists between `itand the paper strip P. 'This may be accomplished so far as relates to the drum D, by slightly corrugating its surface. The

of the receiving roll shaft'J always -tends to give therollJ or the paperstrip wound-upon n.) speed of themaster d'ruin D. On the shaft y" thc-headsJ, J2 are replaced and the spring seatfJy is secured to the shaft j; between this spring seat and the loose 'head J 2 there is l5 .providedthe coiled spring J 3. Thus the c onnection between Athe shaft y" and the roll J is' frictional and not positive and this frictional connection is so' adjusted that the friction of l position of the paper roll P u on the master drum'D entirely dominates t e situation, so that the paper strip is allowed to pass to the -roll J 'onlyl as it is deliveredby the movement of the"m`aster drum D; nevertheless the constant tendency of the roll J to run away, as 25- it were', from themaster drum D, keeps the paper .stri P under proper tension and pre- .vcnts 'it om loosening its vgripupon the masterdruni D'. In order to start and sto the paper strip, the mechanism shown in IEigs. 1,A 5 and 8 1s provided. Av shipperT in the form of a hell crank lever is pivoted concentrically with the shaft D and carries a stud for the `double gear d, d'2, the spring t normally holds the shipperlever T against the stop t and the gears d2 cliou't of engagement. Y. fr

The pressure roll I is mounted to turn in the frame Q, shown in cross section in Fie S and the said frame travels in slides Iwhich one is shown inI Fig. 8, the other at the opposit'e .,end ,of the pressure roll I being simii 'lajr to'fthe one shown in the said figure.y l A pin'gQZ sliding in a guide Q 'is mounted on rthe back side of the frame Q and aspring Q4 constantly urges the frame and the roll I carriedthereby toward the master rollD. The linkU is pivotally connected to the lever T and the rocker U', this rocker being secured to a vertical rock shaft U2 which is'pivotally mounted in the plates A, A of the frame One lend of the rocker U constitutes the iinger U3 which is soproportioned that itis` adapted to engage with the upright part of.

the frame When the lever T is moved to disengage the gears CZ (Z2, the rocker'U is actuated by the li 'connection U so that the finger U3 pushes t ie frame Q and the roller I. carried thereby away from the master roll'D y and thus relieves the strip of paper from 6o pressurebetween the rolls previously exerted by the spring Q4. f Thus, when the 1n-` as to y,bring ,the gears cl2, (Z3 into mesh and at -leased and vt ef-springt simultaneously disenit a surface speed in excess of the surface though the movement ofthe ,master drumD 'ture of an electro -magnet'v M.'

strunient.

dicator being open,a continuous-diagram is made so long asthe shipper T is-held in this position.' /'h'e-n'tis desired to interrupt the action of ator,"{'the shipper T is rer gages gears (12,*3 `and moves pressure roll I away from the master drum D. The movement of the drawing off roll J ceases and alcontinues, the paper strip is slackened so that no more of the strip is drawn from the supplyv roll I-I. f

In making such a continuous indicator diagram it is highly advisable to have the points' on the diagram which correspond to the dead points in the vmovement of the engine accurately marked. For this purpose I provide the marker M which in this-case is a` pointer secured to and operatedby the arma- This electro magnet is included in a suit-able electric circuit (net shown) whereof the closing terminals -are at N, N these being situated so that the circuit will be closed by the action of the stud G on the arm G. By means of a screw and slot or equivalent devices asshown at N2, the position of these terminal circuit. closers may b'e'accurately adjusted so lthaty the circuit of the magnet M shall be closed simultaneously with the occurrence of dead point in the movement of the engine and the armature point M will then make its mark upon the paper strip P so that the points o the diagram which correspond to the end o one stroke and 'the' beginning of another,

y may easily be determined. The operation amade at the instant when the paper strip is substantially at rest.

By means of an indicator apparatus such as above described wherein the clutch connections are directly tothe reducing motion so that backlash is avoided, and where the movement of the master drum carry-'ing the paper strip is imparted to the strip without slip or interruption, an accurate continuous indicatordiagram vcan be produced which is limited inlength only the length of :the paper strip which `can be carried by the in- What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a fluid pressure engine indicator, a master drum, its shaft, two independent alternately operatii'fejdevicesto drive the drum shaft continuously'linone direction, a con- .nection from aire ciprocating part ofvl the en-v gine lto each lo'ffsaid shaftdriving 4deli-*ice'stoi` dicator is started, the shipper T is moved so@ j in alternation, ni the Sametime-to draw the pressure roll I with the ,master C lr'uii e5 the paper strip into contact with the master 'i vices.

2. In a fluid pressure'engine indicator,l a master drum, its shaft, two independent alternately operative clutches to drive the drum shaft continuously in one direction, a connection from a reciprocating part of the engine to each of said clutches to positively operate both clutchesin alternation, means for supplying paper to the master drum, and,

diagram tracing devices.

In a fluid pressure engine indicator, a master drum, its shaft, two rotative clutches, a clutch actuator positively 'controlled by and moving in conformity ivith the reciprocating partsot the engine, positive connections directly from `said actuator' to said clutches to advance the clutches alternately, each clutch being set to grip the drum shaft when turning in response to said action, both clutches to rotate the shaft in the saine. direction, means for supplying a paper strip to the master drum and `devices to trace the pressure diagram.

4. In a fluid pressure engine indicator, a

VPmaster drum, its shaft, two rotative clutches, each comprising a return spring, a clutch actuator positively controlled by and moving in conformity with the reciprocating parts of the engine and positive connections directly from said actuator to both of said clutches to'advance the clutches alternately, each clutch being set to grip the drum shaft when turningI in response to said action, both clutches to vrotate the shaft in the same direction, means for supplyinga paper strip to the master drum and devices to trace the pressure diagram.

5. In a fluid pressureengine indicator, a master drum, its shaft, two rotative clutches, a clutch .actuato1'-positively controlled by and moving'in conformity with the recipro-. eating parts of the engine, cords positively secured to the rotative clutches and passing therefrom to the saidactuator, one of said cords being carried'over a pulley and thence to said actuator, tov advance the clutches al-4 ternately, each. clutch beingset to grip the shaft when turning in response to the draft of the cord, both clutches to rotatetheshaft in the same direct-ion, means for supplying a strip to the master drum, and devices to trace thepressure diagram.

6. ln a. iiuid pressure engine indicator, a4

master drum, its shaft, two rotative clutches each comprising a return spring, aclutch aotuator positively controlled by and moving in conformity with. the reciprocating parts 'of the engine, cordspositively securedvto the rotative clutches and passing therefrom to the said actuator, one of said cords being carried over a pulley and thence to said actuator, to advance the `clitches alternately, each clutch being set to grip the shaft'pvhen turning in response to the draft oftheicord, both clutches to rotate the shaft in the' same direction, means for supplyinga paper strip driver, and pressure indicating devices to to the master drum, and devices to trace the' pressure diagram.

7. In afluid pressure engine indicator, a master drum and means to rotate said drum in one direction in constant correspondence 7o with the movement of the reciprocating parts Y of the engine, a paper supply roll, a pressure roll, means to press the saine against the master drum, a receiving roll, a spindle there- A for, geared driving connections from the mas-- ter drum to the spindle. of the receiving roll, speeded to give the receiver roll a surface speed in excess'of 'that of them aster roll, and frictional connection between the receivingroll and said spindle, and pressure indicating devices to .trace the diagram upona strip carried by the caster drum.

8. ln a iinid4 pressure engine indicator, a

master drum and means torotate said drum a driving gear therefor, speeded to give the 9o `receive-r roll a surface speed in excess o that of thefip ester drum, and friction connections between the receiving roll and its spindle, means to release the receiving roll from its trace the diagram upcn'a strip carried by the master drum.' l

9. Infa fluid pressure engine indicator, a master drum, and means to rotate said drum in one direction in constant correspondence withthe movement of the reciprocating parts of the engine, a paper Supply roll, a pressure roll, means to press the same-'against the aster drum., a receiving roll, a driver therefor, speeded to give the receiver roll a surface speed in excesscf that of the4 muster drum, andfricticn connections between the receiv ing roll and its driver to maintain excess"l draft from' the receiving roll to the master drum, -neans to simultaneously release the receiving roll from its driver and the pressure rcll from the'niaster drum, and pressure indi'A eating devices to trace the diagram upon a strip carried by the master drum.

10. In a fluid pressure engine indicator, diagram tracing devices,me`ans to move a paper strip in one direction in correspondence Withl the movement of the reciprocating parts of the engine, a strip marker, a reciprocating member in harmony with the recipro` 12o eating parts. of the engine, and connections between said reciprocating member and the marker to'actuate the marker simultanewith the' occurrence of dead point in the movement of the engine.

11. In a Huid pressure engine indicator,

diagram tracing devices, means to move a partslof the engine, a strip mai-ker, an elec 130 ure of the magnet simultaneously With-1; e occurrence of deadpoint in the mevementl of the engine.

j Signed byme at;1 Boston, Massachuvsetts, this'rst day of Octber 1906.

GAETANO LANZA.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH T. BRENNAN, RUBY M. BANFIELD; 

